Kingtronics Blog

Ceramic capacitors are known to comprise alternating layers of inner electrodes and ceramic dielectrics. A laminated ceramic capacitor includes a laminate formed of a plurality of laminated dielectric ceramic layers and an internal electrode laminated therein. Monolithic ceramic capacitors have a rectangular shape, and are provided with external electrodes at the opposite ends thereof, respectively. The development of integrated circuits has made it possible to place many circuit elements in a single semiconductor chip. A multilayer ceramic capacitor has been used widely as a compact, high power, and highly reliable electronic part and employed in a large number of electronic circuits. The multilayer ceramic capacitor comprises a layered dielectric body composed by alternately laminating dielectric layers and inner electrode layers and terminal electrodes formed on the main body of the layered dielectric element. The ceramic layers are stacked together in a manner that the internal electrodes are alternately exposed at opposite sides of the laminated body. The external electrodes are disposed at the end portions including the opposite sides of the laminated body and are connected to respective sets of internal electrodes of the laminated body.

Protective gaps are auxiliary devices which serve two purposes: (1) they isolate electrical equipment during normal service conditions, and (2) they provide a path to ground for surge current during arrester operations. Protective gaps used for interconnection of arrester ground, secondary neutral, and transformer tank provide additional protection to distribution transformers and improve continuity of service to customers. Protective gaps provide effective and inexpensive surge protection for the primary neutral of a system (grounded only at the substation) if the potential of the primary neutral is less than 350 volts (rms) above ground. Transformer tanks can be isolated from ground under normal conditions by connecting the transformer to ground through a protective gap.

For a 10uF capacitor we recommend using a 1206 footprint, and for 22uF and 47uF we recommend a 1210 footprint. The 1812 footprint is slightly better than the 1210 for the 47uF, but we don’t think the improvement is worth the extra space and added cost.

Sometimes the product cost may also impact the chosen footprint. For example, if a 1210, 22uF capacitor is more than double the cost of a 1206, then the 1206 component may be preferred. In other applications, the designer may just want to get the maximum capacitance in a limited available footprint. If, for example, there is only room for a 1206 capacitor, the 47uF part will still have the most capacitance even if it loses a larger percentage of its value than the 22uF or the 10uF parts.

MLCC consists of a conducting material and electrodes. To manufacture a chip-type SMT and achieve miniaturization, high density and high efficiency, ceramic condensers are used. WTC’s MLCC is made by NPO, X7R and Y5V dielectric material and which provides product with high electrical precision, stability and reliability.

For chip multilayer ceramic capacitors, Kt Kingtronics offer size from 0402, 0603, 0805, 1206, 1210, 1808, 1812, 2210, 2225, voltage from 10V to 5000V, dielectric materials include NPO, X7R, Y5V.

Features: 

• A wide selection of sizes is available
• High capacitance in given case size.
• Capacitor with lead-free termination (pure Tin).

Applications:

• For general digital circuit.
• For power supply bypass capacitors.
• For consumer electronics.
• For telecommunication.

We supply various electronic components and welcome your inquiry

Sometimes the product cost may also impact the chosen footprint. For example, if a 1210, 22uF capacitor is more than double the cost of a 1206, then the 1206 component may be preferred. In other applications, the designer may just want to get the maximum capacitance in a limited available footprint. If, for example, there is only room for a 1206 capacitor, the 47uF part will still have the most capacitance even if it loses a larger percentage of its value than the 22uF or the 10uF parts.

As the dominant capacitor technology in terms of component quantities, the Multilayer Ceramic Chip Capacitor’s (MLCC) popularity with circuit designers is principally due to its high reliability record and low cost. However, due to the nature of ceramic material the MLCC body can be liable to cracking if mishandled during assembly or used in extreme environments. For this reason cracking in an MLCC body is the most common mode of failure for PCB mounted MLCC components.

Multi-layer ceramic chip (MLCC) capacitors are used quite often in dc-dc converter input and output filters. They have low ESR, low ESL, and low cost. They also have no major reliability problems associated with them.

All these properties make them suitable for power management applications. There are still, however, some issues to consider when using these capacitors in dc-dc converter circuits. Some ceramic capacitors can lose a lot of their value under certain conditions. This lost capacitance can degrade the transient response of a dc-dc converter, or it can even make the control loop of the converter unstable.

A typical application for high capacitance, high voltage capacitors is a bulk filter capacitor shown in Figure 1 in a bipolar transistor totem pole configuration high voltage, high capacitance MLCCs are commonly used as input capacitor filters.

To obtain the required capacitance and high voltage rating the MLCCs are often placed in parallel or stacked vertically. This requires careful soldering and attachment processing, due to the larger case sizes required for the application. The basic function of the input capacitor filter is to hold up the rectified power bus line voltage as well as for filtering common mode noise.

Common mode noise flows asymmetrically through both input lines. The current into the load is supplied by the input filter capacitor bank rather than from the power supply, until the point at which the input voltage again equals the voltage across the filter capacitor, see wave forms in Figure 2.

The fundamental electrical properties of multilayer ceramic capacitors are as follows:

Polarity: Multilayer ceramic capacitors are not polar, and may be used with DC voltage applied in either direction.

Rated Voltage: This term refers to the maximum con tinuous DC working voltage permissible across the entire operating temperature range. Multilayer ceramic capacitors are not extremely sensitive to voltage, and brief applications of voltage above rated will not result in immediate failure. However, reliability will be reduced by exposure to sustained voltages above rated.

Like all other practical capacitors, multilayer ceramic capacitors also have resistance and inductance. A simplified schematic for the equivalent circuit is shown in Figure 1. Other significant electrical characteristics resulting from these additional properties are as follows：

Impedance: Since the parallel resistance (Rp) normally very high, the total impedance of the capacitor is ：

The variation of a capacitor’s impedance with frequency determines its effectiveness in many applications.

MLCC consists of a conducting material and electrodes. To manufacture a chip-type SMT and achieve miniaturization, high density and high efficiency, ceramic condensers are used.

WTC’s MLCC is made by NPO, X7R and Y5V dielectric material and which provides product with high electrical precision, stability and reliability.

Storage and Operating Condition

(1) To store products at 5℃ to 40℃ ambient temperature and 20% to 70%. related humidity conditions.
(2) The product is recommended to be used within one year after shipment. Check solderability in case of shelf life extension is needed.

Cautions:

a. Don’t store products in a corrosive environment such as sulfide, chloride gas, or acid. It may cause oxidization of electrode, which easily be resulted in poor soldering.
b. To store products on the shelf and avoid exposure to moisture.
c. Don’t expose products to excessive shock, vibration, direct sunlight and so on.