The temperature stability is another important area of the crystal specification and it is the allowable frequency deviation as the temperature varies. Again normally expressed in ppm, from the frequency at the reference temperature per degree Celsius. Sometimes the crystal specification may use a frequency tolerance consisting of the sum of the calibration and temperature stability tolerances is quoted.

Over the Operating Temperature Range, an amount of total deviation acceptable for the application. Tighter specifications of Stability lower yield in Quartz Crystal Blank production thereby serving to increase production costs

Kingtronics offers high quality quartz crystal at incredibly aggressive prices. The HC49S series is an industry standard crystal package. HC49S is a low cost, low profile timing option for applications where cost is critical.

The HC49S is available in tight tolerances and stabilities for demanding applications. With a broad frequency range from 3.200MHz to 90.000 MHz, the HC49S can serve as a low cost solution in virtually any application or market.

Quartz is used in the making of sandpaper, optics, glass, liquid filters, circuit boards, computer components, cement, mortar, and jewelry. Quartz crystals are also piezoelectric meaning when an electrical current passes through them they vibrate a small amount. Time can be measured from the vibrations of the quartz crystals so quartz crystals are often used in clocks.

Quartz crystals may either operate in a fundamental mode or in an overtone mode. Below frequencies of around 25 MHz crystals are normally designed to operate in their fundamental mode, whereas above this they will normally be designed for overtone operation, although with manufacturing techniques improving higher frequency crystals are becoming available. The mode is therefore an important element of the crystal specification.

 

 

 

Crystal oscillators are used in a variety of applications. In some instances crystal oscillators may be used to provide a cheap clock signal for use in a digital or logic circuit. In other instances they may used to provide an RF signal source. In view of the fact that quartz crystals offer a very high level of Q and they are stable, crystal oscillators are often used in oscillator circuits to provide stable, accurate radio frequency signals.

There is a great number of different types of circuit that can be used for crystal oscillators, each one having its own advantages and disadvantages. One of the most common circuits used for crystal oscillators is the Colpitts configuration as shown below.

In this configuration, the crystal operates in a parallel mode. When running in this mode, the crystal should be presented with a load capacitance to operate on its correct frequency. This load capacitance is specified with the crystal and is typically 20 or 30 pF. The crystal oscillator circuit will be designed to present this capacitance to the crystal. Most of this will be made up by the two capacitors C1 and C2, although the remaining elements of the circuit will provide some capacitance.

Quartz crystals use the piezoelectric effect to convert the incoming electrical impulses into mechanical vibrations. These vibrations are affected by the mechanical resonances of the crystal, and as the piezoelectric effect operates in both directions, the mechanical resonances affect the electrical stimuli, being reflected back into the electrical circuit.

Today, quartz crystal filters can be designed with pass bands ranging from frequencies in the kilohertz region up to many Megahertz - with the latest technology this can rise to 100 MHz and more. However for the best performance and lowest costs the passband of the filter is generally kept to below about 30 MHz or so.

Quartz crystals have piezoelectric properties; they develop an electric potential upon the application of mechanical stress. An early use of this property of quartz crystals was in phonograph pickups. One of the most common piezoelectric uses of quartz today is as a crystal oscillator. The quartz clock is a familiar device using the mineral. The resonant frequency of a quartz crystal oscillator is changed by mechanically loading it, and this principle is used for very accurate measurements of very small mass changes in the quartz crystal microbalance and in thin-film thickness monitors.Our Kingtronics short for Kt (logo) crystals are widely used in the oversea market.

Kingtronics offers leaded quartz crystal HC49U, HC49S and SMD quartz crystal HC49SMD.

Quartz Crystals General Information

Quartz Crystals
Kingtronics P/N Quartz Crystal Size Frequency Range Datasheet
QKT-HC49U Leaded Quartz Crystal 11.05x4.65x13.46mm 1.8432MHz to 200.000MHz ↓ Download PDF
QKT-HC49S Leaded Quartz Crystal 11.05x4.65mx3.7mm 3.200MHz to 90.000 MHz ↓ Download PDF
QKT-HC49SMD SMD Quartz Crystal 11.35x4.7x3.8mm 3.200MHz to 90.000 MHz ↓ Download PDF

Crystal Introduction

25 Nov 2010

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituent atoms, molecules, or ions are arranged in an orderly repeating pattern extending in all three spatial dimensions. The scientific study of crystals and crystal formation is known as crystallography. The process of crystal formation via mechanisms of crystal growth is called crystallization or solidification. The word crystal is derived from the Ancient Greek word κρύσταλλος (krustallos), meaning "rock-crystal" but also "ice", from κρύος (kruos), "icy cold, frost". The word once referred particularly to quartz, or "rock crystal".

Electronic-grade quartz crystal is single-crystal silica which has properties that make it uniquely useful for accurate frequency controls, timers, and filters in electronic circuits. These devices are utilized for a wide variety of electronic applications in communications equipment, computers, aerospace hardware, instruments for commercial use.

Quartz  is the second most abundant mineral in the Earth's continental crust, after feldspar. It is made up of a continuous framework of SiO4 silicon–oxygen tetrahedra , with each oxygen being shared between two tetrahedra , giving an overall formula SiO2.

There are many different varieties of quartz, several of which are semi-precious gemstones. Especially in Europe and the Middle East, varieties of quartz have been since antiquity the most commonly used minerals in the making of jewelry and hardstone carvings.

Quartz can use in this luxury goods ,but also use in electrical products. If you can not believe , please visit our website www.kingtronics.com . You will find our Quartz Crystal is very popular in the market right now!

Imagine a perfectly innocent quartz crystal that has grown to considerable size. It is lying there, at the bottom of a shallow sea, when a meterorite rudely invites itself to crash into the Earth's surface with considerable noise, pressure, heat.

There is so much pressure and heat, in fact, that only a meteorite or asteroid can cause what happens next: the quartz is shocked!

Shocked quartz is quartz that has been subjected to an event that cannot happen from normal Earthly causes and which has had its very planar structure changed. The only two known causes of shocked quartz are nuclear explosions such as the Alamo field and the incredible impact forces of meteorites or ancient asteroids. The Pleistocene/Holcene astroid impact is one of the biggest culprits. This impact occured in North America about 12,000 years ago, creating a type of brecciated rock called impact breccia.

One aspect of the impact that creates shocked quartz, however, is that high heat is not involved, or the quartz would revert to its original structure. In some shocked quartz samples, the quartz resumed its normal growth pattern within a section of planar deformities.

Brecciated rock is like gravel that is cemented together in a finely grained matrix that may or may not have the same composition as the gravel. Impact breccia is formed through extra terrestial or nuclear impact and is generally found in or around impact craters.

Quartz crystals are said to be the second most abundant substance in the Earth's crust. They are composed of silicon-oxygen tetrahedra where one oxygen molecule is shared between each two tetrahedron. The crystals grow perpetually in a six sided prism that terminates in a six sided pyramid.

Shocked quartz crystals contained shocked lamellae, or small fractures that create lines in the quartz that go along the planes of the crystal.  These planes can usually only be viewed under a microscope. \

But often, special microscope techniques, such as electron microscope, high resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Focused Ion Beam (FIB) tomography, cross polarization, reflected light, thin slicing and polishing are required before the microscopic deformations can be seen.

Sometimes, the deformations actually can be examined as if they were "pressure gauges", with various deformities helping to identify the amount of pressure that it would have taken to create them. New methods of examining the samples are being used, with goals of gathering more information and images of smaller and younger samples.

The most famous sites for such impact craters include the Chicxulub structure on the Northern Yucatan Penninsula of Mexico, the Bavarian Town of NÖrdlingen, Arizona, India, and generally in the K-3 boundary between Cretaceous and Tertiary rocks.

Contact us

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Tel: (852) 8106 7033
Fax: (852) 8106 7099
E-mail: info@kingtronics.com
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About

Kingtronics International Company was established in 1995 located in Dongguan City of China to handle all sales & marketing for factories located in Chengdu, Sichuan and Zhaoqing, Guangdong, China. In 1990, we established the first factory to produce trimming potentiometer and in 1999 we built up new factory in Zhao Qing, Guangdong. Now with around 850 workers, Kingtronics produce trimming potentiometers, dipped tantalum capacitors, multilayer ceramic capacitors, and diode & bridge rectifier. We sell good quality under our brand Kingtronics, and Kt, King, Kingtronics are our three trademarks. All our products are RoHS compliant, and our bridge rectifier have UL approval. Please visit our Products page, you could please download all our PDF datasheet and find cross reference for our Trimming Potentiometer and capacitors.

Tantalum and Ceramic Capacitors Cross Reference ↓ Download
Diodes & Rectifiers List(PDF: 97KB) ↓ Download
Trimming Potentiometer Cross Reference ↓Download

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